Obstetrics & Gynecology

Cervical dysplasia is the term that indicates abnormal cells were found present on the surface of the cervix during a pap smear. It may range from mild to severe depending on the cells’ appearance. Cervical dysplasia can range from mild to severe, depending on the appearance of the abnormal cells Cervical dysplasia may resolve on its own, and rarely turns into cancer. Depending on the level of severity, the doctor may recommend further tests.

Typically, endometriosis is a painful disorder. The tissue similar to the tissue that normally lines the inside of the uterus grows outside the uterus. The endometrial-like tissue thickens, breaks down and bleeds with each menstrual cycle. But because this tissue has no way to exit your body, it becomes trapped. There are effective treatments available.

Twelve months past the end of a woman’s menstrual cycles marks the beginning of menopause. A natural part of aging, menopause generally occurs between 40s or 50s, but the average age is 51 in American women. Symptoms common in menopause include hot flashes, chills, lower than normal energy, night sweats, vaginal dryness, thinning hair, weight gain, and moodiness.

Menstrual disorders refer to any disruptive physical and or emotional symptoms just before and during menstruation, including heavy bleeding, missed periods, severe pain, and unmanageable mood swings.

Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs in or on an ovary. Normally, women have two ovaries on each side of the uterus. Eggs, which develop and mature in the ovaries, are released in monthly cycles during the childbearing years. Most cysts don't cause symptoms and resolve on their own; however, a large ovarian cyst can cause pelvic pain and a feeling of heaviness or bloating in the abdomen.

The pelvic organs include the vagina, cervix, uterus, bladder, urethra, and rectum. Pelvic prolapse occurs when the tissue and muscles of the pelvic floor no longer support the pelvic organs resulting in the drop of the pelvic organs from their normal position.

The pelvic organs include the vagina, cervix, uterus, bladder, urethra, and rectum. Several types of diseases and conditions can cause pelvic pain involving digestive, reproductive or urinary system, and muscles and ligaments in the structures of the pelvic floor.

An idiopathic hormonal disorder, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is common among women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS may have infrequent or prolonged menstrual periods or excess male hormone levels. The ovaries may develop numerous small collections of fluid and fail to regularly release eggs. Early diagnosis and treatment along with weight loss may reduce the risk of long-term complications.

Pregnancy is the period during which a fetus develops inside a female’s uterus. Normally, it lasts around 40 weeks or three trimesters.

Sexually transmitted diseases are also known as STDs are typically contracted through sexual activity. They are caused by bacteria, viruses or parasites transferring person to person in blood, semen, or other body fluids. In some cases, however, STDs are transmitted non-sexually, such as from mother to infant during pregnancy or childbirth, or through blood transfusions or shared needles. STDs do not always carry symptoms which fosters the spread. Symptoms may arise days or even years after contracting the STD. When symptoms are present, they may include sores or bumps on the genitals or in the oral or rectal area, odd smelling discharge, unusual bleeding, swollen glands, lower abdominal pain, rash, fever, and burning urination.

Urinary or bladder incontinence is the loss of bladder control and it ranges mild leaking to inability to make it to the toilet. It is normal but not a necessary part of aging; many treatments are available including physical therapy and lifestyle changes. There are five categories of incontinence. The mildest is urine leakage under pressure when coughing, sneezing, laughing, and lifting. This is known as stress incontinence. Another type is urge incontinence. This is when the need to urinate comes on as a sudden urge and is followed by involuntary urination. A third kind is overflow incontinence. This is frequent or steady leakage from a bladder that doesn’t empty totally. Functional incontinence is when a physical or mental impairment prevents successfully using the toilet in time. And mixed incontinence involves having two or more of these types of issues.

Uterine fibroids are noncancerous growths of the uterus that often appear during childbearing years. Ranging in size from undetectable to the human eye to bulky masses, they can expand the uterus and add weight.